Frankston, Victoria

Frankston is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Frankston local government area. Frankston recorded a population of 37,331 at the 2021 census.

Due to its geographic location north of the Mornington Peninsula, it is often referred to as "the gateway to the Mornington Peninsula".

European settlement of Frankston began around the same time as the foundation of Melbourne in 1835—initially as an unofficial fishing village serving the early Melbourne township. Prior to its settlement, the Frankston area was primarily inhabited by the Mayone-bulluk clan from the Bunurong tribe of the Kulin nation. The official village of Frankston was established in 1854, with its first land sales taking place on 29 May. It has subsequently given its name to the broader Frankston local government area since 1893, and serves as both its activity and administrative centre.

Situated on the eastern shoreline of Port Phillip, Frankston has been a popular seaside destination of Melbourne since the 1880s. Frankston Beach is still one of the most frequented in Victoria, and is recognised as one of the cleanest in Australia. It was also home to one of the largest exhibitions of sand sculpting in the Southern Hemisphere.

Localities in the suburb (within its postcode 3199) include: Frankston Central Business District (CBD), Frankston East, Frankston Heights, Karingal, Long Island, Mount Erin and Olivers Hill. The independent suburb of Frankston South also shares the same postcode as Frankston. At the 2016 census the suburb of Frankston recorded a population of 36,097. The demonym for someone from Frankston is a Frankstonian.

Toponymy

The toponymic origins of Frankston are subject to conjecture, and of which there are four popular theories. One of the earliest of these theories (published in the '' Victorian Historical Magazine'' in March 1916) is that it was named after one of its early European settlers, Frank Liardet, who also became one of its first official land owners. The Liardets were prominent pioneers of early Melbourne and arrived aboard the ''William Metcalfe'' from England in 1839. Liardet's father, Wilbraham, founded what is now the Melbourne inner suburb of Port Melbourne and the family established and managed hotels around Melbourne as well as the first mail service of the early township.

Frank Liardet settled in the Frankston area in 1847,Ballam Park
Victorian Heritage Database. Heritage Victoria. Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 14 September 2015 after taking out a 300-acre depasturing license for land that is now the Frankston locality of Karingal.Staff Writer (17 November 1843).
Government Gazette
. ''The Sydney Morning Herald''. Fairfax Media. p. 4. Retrieved 30 September 2015 During this time, Liardet built the first wooden house in the Frankston area—which would later become part of his Ballam Park estate after the formal land sales of 1854. Prior to settling in the area, Liardet had also worked on the cattle run of the first Postmaster of the Port Phillip District, Captain Benjamin Baxter, which was located over what are now the City of Frankston suburbs of Langwarrin and Langwarrin South.Staff Writer (4 June 1985).
A Chapter of Baxter's History
". ''Hastings Sun''. Westernport Publishing Company. pp. 8–9. (republished by the Baxter Residents and Traders Progress Action Committee). Retrieved 14 September 2015 By the time Liardet had taken out his depasturing license for the Frankston area in 1847 an unofficial fishing village was also developing around its foreshore.

Considering Frank Liardet's early presence in the Frankston area, and his connections to the early mail services of Melbourne, it is plausible that "Frank's Town" became nomenclature for describing the area and its unofficial village. As a consequence it is possible that the name of "Frankston" was further adapted from it when officially naming the village for its formal land sales in 1854.

However, in a letter to the editor of '' The Argus'' newspaper (published on 30 May 1916) a member of the Liardet family said that this was in fact not true.Liardet, C. Evelyn (30 May 1916).
Naming of Frankston
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 9. Retrieved 29 January 2014 In the letter was excerpts of correspondence between the Liardet family and the Victorian state Department of Lands and Survey which refuted the theory. Instead, it puts forward the theory that Frankston was named after the Irish-born settler Charles Franks; who was the first European to be killed by Indigenous Australians in Melbourne.

Charles Franks arrived in Melbourne aboard the ''Champion'' from Van Diemen's Land in 1836 and made a squatter's claim to land on the western side of Port Phillip near Mount Cottrel (northeast of what is now the Melbourne outer-western suburb of Wyndham Vale). Franks' land neighboured that of the early Melbourne explorer and surveyor John Helder Wedge, which was managed by his nephew Charles Wedge—prior to him gaining a pre-emptive right to land license of his own for the Frankston area. The correspondence with the Department of Lands and Survey states that, at the time of surveying the area for the land sales of 1854, the name "Frankston" was probably suggested to honour the Wedge's deceased former neighbour.

Another theory—that has become folklore—is that Frankston was named after a pub named "Frank Stone's Hotel". Charlwood, Don (8 February 1930).
Early History of Frankston
(first article in a series). '' The Frankston & Somerville Standard''. p. 6. Retrieved 29 January 2014 In 1929 the author Don Charlwood, a student of Frankston High School at the time, compiled a history of Frankston using both local records and oral sources supporting the theory (published in '' The Frankston & Somerville Standard'' newspaper on 8 February 1930).

The pub to which Charlwood refers was originally named the Cannanuke Inn and was the first permanent building in the Frankston area. It was built by the pre-emptive Frankston settler James Davey in the 1840s. The Victorian Heritage Database states that it was located on the present site of the Frankston Mechanics' Institute; at 1 Plowman Place in the Frankston Central Business District (CBD).Former Cannanuke Inn site
Victorian Heritage Database. Heritage Victoria. Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 28 September 2015 According to Charlwood, it was purchased by a "Mr. Stone" in the early-1850s who, after the birth of his son, "Frank", renamed it "Frank Stone's Hotel" and around which the village developed and also had its name adapted from for its formal land sales in 1854.

As there appear to be no licensing records for the Cannanuke Inn, it is difficult to determine if this is in fact true. However, Charlwood does mention that Stone had purchased the Cannanuke Inn from "a man named Standring". Licensing records state that Benjamin Standring was the owner of the Frankston Hotel from 1857 to 1860. Also, according to the terms of his pre-emptive right to land licence, Davey did not have the right to sell or sub-let the Cannanuke Inn. It is therefore unlikely that Stone purchased or leased the Cannanuke Inn from Davey or Standring before the formal land sales for Frankston in 1854—and after which the name "Frankston" was already in use.Map of the Village of Frankston at Kananook Creek, Mount Eliza, Port Phillip Bay
(1 May 1854). Office of the Surveyor General of Victoria. Government of VictoriaAdvertising — Victoria
(19 May 1854). '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 5. Retrieved 29 September 2015Staff Writer (26 April 1854).
Domestic Intelligence
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 5. Retrieved 29 September 2015

A more recent theory, put forward by the author and historian Michael Jones in his local history book ''Frankston: Resort to City'' (published in 1989), is that Frankston was named after the heroic British army general Sir Thomas Harte Franks. The theory is strengthened by the fact that a number of places near Frankston also have names that are derived or adapted from those of British army generals and statesmen (such as Cranbourne, Hastings, Lyndhurst, Mornington and Pakenham). Jones states that the Surveyor General of Victoria from 1853 to 1858, Sir Andrew Clarke, named all of these places.

History

Pre-history

Indigenous history

Prior to the foundation of Melbourne by Europeans in 1835, the area surrounding Port Phillip was originally populated by Indigenous Australians of the Kulin nation for an estimated 31,000 to 40,000 years. Particularly, the Frankston area was inhabited primarily by the Mayone-bulluk clan from the Bunurong tribe of the Kulin nation.

The tribes of the Kulin nation were a nomadic people with no sedentary settlements. As a result, there is minimal physical evidence of their past. The Bunurong tribe in particular were mainly hunter-gatherers that maintained an ecologically sustainable tradition of travelling between areas of seasonally abundant resources. For the Mayone-bulluk clan; Kananook and Sweetwater creeks and the former swamps and wetlands of the Frankston area were rich sources of fish and eel as well as summer fruit and vegetables.Frankston Coastal Arts Discovery Trail
(2006). City of Frankston. p. 15 An important meeting place for the Bunurong tribe clans of the greater Mornington Peninsula region was the present site of the Frankston Mechanics' Institute, at 1 Plowman Place in the Frankston Central Business District (CBD), which was used for corroborees and as a trading place.Frankston Coastal Arts Discovery Trail
(2006). City of Frankston. p. 23. Retrieved 8 October 2015

Bunurong territory, of which Frankston is a part, stretches from the Werribee River in the western metropolitan area of Melbourne east to Wilsons Promontory in Gippsland and was referred to as ''marr-ne-beek'' ("excellent country") amongst the Kulin nation tribes. According to the Indigenous Australian mythology of the Dreamtime, the Bunurong territory was created by the ancestor spirit ''Lohan''. Patrilineally, all Bunurong tribe members are considered direct descendants of ''Lohan''. The creator of the Kulin nation-proper was the deity eaglehawk spirit '' Bunjil'', and the protector of its waterways and keeper of the wind was the trickster crow spirit '' Waa''.

''Bunjil'' and ''Waa'' are the two moiety totems that govern the kinship system of the Kulin nation tribes. The Mayone-bulluk clan of the Frankston area was closely linked through marriage to the Wurundjeri-balluk clan of the Melbourne city centre area, from the neighbouring Woiwurrung tribe, based on this system. Two wooden sculptures of eagles, inspired by ''Bunjil'', by artist Bruce Armstrong; a 5-metre version on Mayone-bulluk clan land, erected on Young Street in Frankston in 2001,Sentinel art installation
Visit Frankston. Frankston City Council. Retrieved 25 August 2015 and a 25-metre version on Wurundjeri-balluk clan land, erected on Wurundjeri Way in Melbourne Docklands in 2002, are representative of this link.

The earliest recorded encounter of the Bunurong tribe with Europeans in the Frankston area was in early 1803, when Captain Charles Robbins sailed his ship the ''Cumberland'' into Port Phillip on the surveying expedition headed by Charles Grimes. On 30 January, Grimes went ashore at Kananook Creek in search of fresh water and made peaceful contact with "around 30 of the natives"—most likely members of the Mayone-bulluk clan.

Another possible encounter of the Mayone-bulluk clan with Europeans in 1803 was in late-December, with three convicts that had escaped from the failed settlement by Captain David Collins at Sorrento on the southern Mornington Peninsula. Among the escapees was William Buckley, who later lived with the Wadawurrung-balug clan from the neighbouring Wathaurong tribe of the Kulin nation for 32 years. After travelling north up the Mornington Peninsula for two days, Buckley describes coming to a creek that ran "near to the bay"—most likely Kananook Creek and Long Island in the Frankston area—where they encountered a "large tribe of the natives...armed with spears" but did not make direct contact.

The number of Bunurong tribe members at the time of contact with Europeans in the 1800s was estimated to be 300. James Fleming, a member of Charles Grimes' surveying expedition in early 1803, reported observing smallpox scars on members of the Kulin nation tribes he had encountered—indicating that an epidemic had affected them prior to 1803. Smallpox arrived in Australia with the First Fleet in 1788 and reached the Port Philip area in 1790, via the first European settlement in Australia at Port Jackson, claiming at least half the population of the combined Kulin nation tribes.

Following permanent European settlement in 1835, another smallpox epidemic reduced the number of Bunurong tribe members to 83 by 1839. An influenza epidemic during the 1840s further reduced their number to 28 by 1850. The last full-blood member of the Bunurong tribe, ''Yam-mer-book'', also known as Jimmy Dunbar (from the Ngaruk-Willam clan, which was geographically close to the Mayone-bulluk clan) who lived to the north of Frankston near Mordialloc, died of natural causes in 1877.

European settlement

Fishermen were among the earliest Europeans to unofficially settle the Frankston area following the foundation of Melbourne on 30 August 1835. Living in tents and wattle and daub huts on its foreshore and around the base of Olivers Hill, they would travel by boat to the early Melbourne township to sell their catches., p. 6 Charlwood, Don (5 October 1949).
Early History of Frankston
(abridged version). '' Frankston Standard Leader''. News Limited. p. 13. Retrieved 29 January 2014

James Davey arrived in the Frankston area in 1840, gaining a 640 acre pre-emptive right to land license over what are now the suburbs of Frankston and Frankston South from Olivers Hill south to Daveys Bay. Davey built the Cannanuke Inn in the mid-1840s, which was the first permanent building in the Frankston area,, p. 7 and was located on the site of the present Frankston Mechanics' Institute at 1 Plowman Place in the Frankston Central Business District (CBD). He built the first permanent wooden house in the southern Frankston area located near Daveys Bay on Olivers Hill in 1851—which was originally known as "Old Man Davey's Hill". Charlwood, Don (5 October 1949).
Early History of Frankston
(abridged version). '' Frankston Standard Leader''. News Limited. p. 16. Retrieved 29 January 2014Fascinating Historical Facts – Frankston Waterfront
Discover Mornington Peninsula. Retrieved 15 September 2015

In 1843 Frank Liardet, the eldest son of the early Melbourne settler Wilbraham Liardet, took out a 300-acre depasturing license for what is now the Frankston locality of Karingal. Liardet built the first permanent wooden house in the eastern Frankston area in 1847—which would later become part of his Ballam Park estate after the formal land sales of 1854.

Davey later partnered in the cattle run of Captain Benjamin Baxter, the first Postmaster and former Clerk of Petty sessions for the Port Phillip District, during the early-1850s. Their run covered the majority of what are now the City of Frankston suburbs of Langwarrin and Langwarrin South. The fisherman James Oliver built his house on northern Olivers Hill around this time, so he could keep watch for schools of fish in the waters below, and after whom the locality is now known by its current name. The explorer and surveyor Charles Wedge also arrived around this time, gaining a pre-emptive right to land license over what are now the City of Frankston suburbs of Carrum Downs and Seaford.Wedge's station
Victorian Heritage Database. Heritage Victoria. Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 28 September 2015Banyan complex
Victorian Heritage Database. Heritage Victoria. Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 28 September 2015

Thomas and Grace McComb arrived in the Frankston area in 1852.Staff Writer (5 October 1949).
Grace McComb was Frankston's Florence Nightingale
. '' Frankston Standard Leader''. News Limited. p. 43. Retrieved 2 October 2015 Thomas assisted with the development of the local fishing industry, and Grace was the first nurse and midwife in the area. Thomas Ritchie arrived in 1854 and established a bakery that same year on what is now Nepean Highway in the Frankston CBD.

The central Frankston area was surveyed by Thomas Hanbury Permein for the Victorian colonial government in early 1854. The only pre-existing permanent building in Permein's survey is the Cannanuke Inn. The plan for the new village of Frankston was drawn by James Philp from the Office of the Surveyor General of Victoria on 1 May 1854—with the Cannanuke Inn as a central point and located on Lot 1 of a block bordered to the west by Bay Street, to the north by Davey Street, to the east by Wedge Street (now Young Street) and to the south by a public reserve (now Plowman Place and Frankston Park). Philp's plan consisted of 29 standard lots, 49 suburban lots, nine country lots of 430 acres, and also reserved place for a village centre that would eventually become the Frankston CBD.

The first formal land sales for the new village of Frankston took place on 29 May 1854. Frankston was gazetted in late-April of that year as being "well watered with springs...the odour and flavour of the water being remarkable". The road to Melbourne was extended from Brighton to Frankston (now the Nepean Highway) with bridges over Kananook Creek and Mordialloc Creek in late 1854.

Liardet became one of the first official land owners in Frankston after the formal land sales—establishing his Ballam Park estate on the land that he had a depasturing license for. There is a popular theory (published in the '' Victorian Historical Magazine'' in March 1916) that Frankston was named after Liardet due to his earlier presence in the area.

19th century

Following the first formal land sales for the new village on 29 May 1854, on 12 December, Samuel Packham was granted the licence to establish the Frankston Hotel.Staff Writer (13 December 1854).
Quarterly Licensing Day
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 5. Retrieved 29 September 2015 Licensing records (and newspaper articles) suggest that it was located on what is now the northwest corner of Davey Street and Nepean Highway (the present site of the Pier Hotel). Packham advertised the Frankston Hotel as a country retreat, and employed a kangaroo tracker and organised game hunting expeditions from the hotel.

Charles Wedge established his Banyan sheep station on his pre-emptive right to land over what are now the City of Frankston suburbs of Carrum Downs and Seaford after the formal land sales of 1854, and James McMahon purchased lands over what are now the City of Frankston suburbs of Sandhurst and Skye at this time.

The first permanent brick house in Frankston was built at Ballam Park in 1855 and replaced the 1847 wooden house on the site. It was built by Frederick Liardet, the younger brother of Frank, and was designed in a French Colonial Gothic Revival style by their father Wilbraham. The house is listed on the Victorian and Australian heritage registries through the National Trust of Australia.Ballam Park
Australian Heritage Database. Australian Heritage Council. Department of the Environment. Government of Australia. Retrieved 14 September 2015 It is now managed by the Frankston Historical Society which conducts tours of the house and also maintains a local history museum at the estate.Ballam Park
Frankston Historical Society. Retrieved 14 September 2015

A site for a Church of England (Anglican) was reserved after the formal land sales.History
St. Paul's Anglican Church (Frankston). Anglican Diocese of Melbourne. A temporary hall was built in 1856 and served as both a place of worship and as a school (which later became the Woodleigh School).History
. Woodleigh School. Retrieved 1 September 2015 The first post office in Frankston opened on 1 September 1857 which also initially operated from the hall.

Early economy

Frankston's fishing industry was further developed with the assistance of Thomas McComb, who funded the construction of Frankston Pier in 1857.Frankston Coastal Arts Discovery Trail
(2006). City of Frankston. p13. Retrieved 8 October 2015 Following a petition by residents, to the Victorian colonial Department of Public Works, the pier was extended into deeper water in 1863. A gaslamp was installed at the end of the pier and a lamplighter was also employed. Frankston Fish Company was founded in 1867, by a consortium of local businessmen including Thomas Ritchie, in order to transport the catches of local fishermen in bulk to the fish markets of the Melbourne city centre.

In 1870, Ritchie established his first general store on what is now the southwest corner of Playne Street and Nepean Highway in the Frankston Central Business District (CBD). Ritchies Stores is now the largest independent grocery chain in Australia—with its headquarters still located in the Frankston area.

On 15 November 1873, William Davey Jr., grandson of pre-emptive Frankston settler James Davey, applied for the license to establish the Bay View Hotel, on what is now the northeast corner of Davey Street and Nepean Highway (the present site of The Grand Hotel) in the Frankston CBD.Notices — Publicans' and Other Licenses
(13 November 1873). '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 12. Retrieved 2 October 2015 It was constructed with a guest house which Davey had shipped from Jersey.

Following a petition by residents to the Victorian colonial Department of Education in 1873, headed by Grace McComb, the first government school in Frankston was built on Davey Street in 1874.History
Frankston Primary School. Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 31 August 2015 The No. 1464 Frankston School (Which later became Frankston Primary School) opened on 1 November of that year with an initial enrolment of 45 students.

Mark Young purchased the Frankston Hotel on 13 August 1875 for £380, and renamed it the Pier Hotel (under which name it continues to operate).Pier Hotel
ALH Group Limited. Retrieved 25 August 2015 Young spent an estimated £3700 on improvements to the hotel, making it one of the finest in the colony of Victoria at the time.

In 1879, following a conference of city councils in inner-Melbourne, the Frankston area was chosen as the preferred site to replace the Melbourne General Cemetery.Staff Writer (20 March 1879)
The Cemetery Conference
''The Age''. Fairfax Media. p. 3. Retrieved 6 October 2015 The roughly 3000 acre Crown land site was bordered to the north by Charles Wedge's Banyan sheep station (over what are now the City of Frankston suburbs of Carrum Downs and Seaford), to the south by Frank Liardet's Ballam Park estate (in what is now the Frankston locality of Karingal),Staff Writer (22 May 1879).
Proposed Cemetery Site
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 7. Retrieved 6 October 2015 and is now the suburb of Frankston North. Its south-west corner is described as being "about a mile .6 kmnorth of the village of Frankston, and the same distance east of the beach".

Frankston Mechanics' Institute was established on the former site of the Cannanuke Inn, at what is now 1 Plowman Place in the Frankston CBD, in 1880.Staff Writer (2 June 1880).
Frankston
. ''South Bourke and Mornington Journal'' (1872–1920). p. 2. Retrieved 4 October 2015 Its construction was funded by public donations, headed by a residents' committee, and supported by friendly and temperance societies including a Frankston group of Freemasons and the Independent Order of Good Templars, Independent Order of Rechabites and Manchester Unity of Oddfellows.Staff Writer (24 March 1880).
Frankston
. ''South Bourke and Mornington Journal'' (1872–1920). p. 3. Retrieved 4 October 2015 Its foundation stone was laid by committee president Mark Young on 22 March of that year, and the building was opened on 24 May at a cost of £280.

On 16 March 1881, the Colonial Bank of Australasia (later the National Bank of Australia) was the first bank to open a lending branch in Frankston. It was located next to Mark Young's Pier Hotel on what is now Nepean Highway. The first library in Frankston, the Frankston Free Library, opened at the Mechanics' Institute to mark its first anniversary. The first 400 books of the new library were a donation from the banker H.D. Larnach.

To service the proposed new metropolitan cemetery the railway line to Melbourne was extended from Caulfield to Frankston between 1881 and 1882.Staff Writer (19 December 1881).
Monday, December 19, 1881
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 5. Retrieved 6 October 2015Staff Writer (13 September 1880).
The Proposed Railway to Frankston
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 7. Retrieved 6 October 2015Staff Writer (13 September 1880).
The Commissioner of Railways at Frankston
. ''South Bourke and Mornington Journal'' (1872–1920). p. 3. Retrieved 6 October 2015 The first section from Caulfield to Mordialloc opened on 19 December 1881. The second section from Mordialloc to Frankston opened on 29 July 1882.Staff Writer (1 August 1882).
Opening of the Frankston Railway
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 6. Retrieved 6 October 2015 The course of the railway line was directly influenced by the location of the proposed cemetery. From Mordialloc to Seaford it runs adjacent to what is now Nepean Highway—which was built over a 1000-year-old sand dune that once ran parallel to the coastline.Natural reserves within Frankston City
. Frankston City Council. Retrieved 24 August 2015 After Seaford it curves inland eastwards to where a "mortuary station" was to be located (now Kananook railway station) near the border of the proposed cemetery, then continues to Frankston.

Due to concerns from undertakers about sandy soil and underlying granite at the Frankston site, the proposed cemetery was abandoned—which was later established in the Melbourne southeastern suburb of Springvale in 1901. It was also briefly considered as one of the possible sites to replace the Melbourne Benevolent Asylum in 1887—which was later established in the southeastern suburb of Cheltenham in 1911.

Seaside resort

Despite not becoming the site of the new metropolitan cemetery, Frankston benefited from its new railway line. The travel time to the Melbourne city centre was reduced from several hours by horse-drawn carriage to 90 minutes by steam train, making it a popular seaside destination for excursionists and weekend holidaymakers from the mid-1880s.

Mark Young constructed enclosed sea baths in 1883,Staff Writer (9 May 1883).
Frankston
. ''South Bourke and Mornington Journal'' (1872–1920). p. 3. Retrieved 7 October 2015Staff Writer (4 October 1884).
Melbourne — Its Infancy and Growth
. '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 13. Retrieved 7 October 2015 on a bed of granite located roughly 100 metres off the coastline of Frankston Beach, at a cost of £950. They were connected to the coastline by a wooden pathway that led to a suspension bridge over Kananook Creek to Young's Pier Hotel.

During this time, an article in '' The Argus'' newspaper on the growth of outer Melbourne (published 4 October 1884) describes Frankston as "going ahead rapidly" with "50 to 60 new houses... nthe last three years" as well as having "two hotels, a wine shop, four boarding-houses, three general stores, an ironmonger, two saddlers' shops ndfive brick-yards". Frankston's Market Gardeners' and Fruit Growers' Association was founded around this time, in order to transport the produce of local farmers by steam ship to New South Wales and Tasmania, and the majority of trade for the Mornington Peninsula and Phillip Island, as well as south-west Gippsland, is also described as passing through Frankston.

On 8 December 1884, John Storey Petrie was granted the license to establish a third hotel in Frankston, the Prince of Wales Hotel, on what is now the southwest corner of Davey Street and Nepean Highway (the present site of Davey's Bar and Restaurant) in the Frankston Central Business District (CBD).Staff Writer (17 December 1884).
Police Courts
. ''South Bourke and Mornington Journal'' (1872–1920). p.3. Retrieved 7 October 2015 It was designed in the Victorian Queen Anne style and was constructed of bluestone and locally-made bricks.

The intersection of Davey Street and Nepean Highway with Young's Pier Hotel (northwest corner), Davey's Bay View Hotel (northeast corner) and Petrie's Prince of Wales Hotel (southwest corner), became known as a "hotel corner" from the 1890s,D.J.H. (13 December 1890).
Town and Country Sketches — Frankston After 10 Years
. ''Mornington Standard'' (1889–1908). p. 3. Retrieved 9 October 2015 and contemporarily as "pub corner". Around 100 years later, in the mid-1990s, they were joined by a nightclub on its southeast corner.Clifton-Evans, Louise (11 February 2013).
Frankston strip club to turn into upmarket restaurant
. '' Frankston Standard Leader''. News Limited. Retrieved 9 October 2015

Frankston Brick Company was founded in 1886,Advertising — Public Companies
(7 August 1886). '' The Argus'' (1846–1957). p. 12. Retrieved 7 October 2015 by a consortium of local businessmen including William Davey Jr. and Thomas Ritchie—most likely in order to capitalise on the Melbourne land boom during the mid-1880s—and was later publicly floated. It was the first large-scale employer in Frankston, consolidating the existing local brick-yards onto a single site close to Frankston Pier, and producing approximately 50,000 bricks a week.

The Victorian colonial government established a large military camp in what is now the City of Frankston suburb of Langwarrin in 1886, which aided in the growth of the Frankston area.Former Langwarrin Military Camp
Victorian Heritage Database. Heritage Victoria. Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 13 October 2015Langwarrin Flora and Fauna Reserve
. Parks Victoria. Department of Environment and Primary Industries. Government of Victoria. Retrieved 12 October 2015 The entrance to the Langwarrin Military Camp was located on the corner of McClelland Drive and Robinsons Road, and it is now the Langwarrin Flora and Fauna Reserve.

By the mid-1880s, No. 1464 Frankston School was classified as a "class 4" school (approximately 250 pupils) and had previously been expanded with an extension to the existing wooden school house in 1880. Due to its growing enrolments, and following a petition by residents to the Victorian colonial Department of Education, an additional 20 x 30 feet brick school house was built in 1889. The brick school house is now operated as an education history museum by the Frankston Historical Society.Old School House
Frankston Historical Society. Retrieved 14 September 2015

A new Anglican church building was opened on 5 February 1887. It was designed in a Victorian Gothic Revival style by the ecclesiastic